(i) : Louka is the maid-servant in the Petkoff home.
Louka asks Catherine and Raina to close all the windows as she did not want a bullet from a gun being fired in the streets by either the fleeing Serbian soldiers or the pursuing Bulgarian soldiers of the townspeople, entering the house and injuring either one of the occupants or destroying the home and its contents. She may also have wanted the home to be secure against fugitives seeking refuge in the house.
(ii) : The Serbs were being chased by the Bulgarian cavalry after Sergius' regiment had routed them at the battle of Slivnitza and scattered them "like chaff". They were also being chased by the towns people and local Bulgarians.
The defeated and fleeing Serbian soldiers were being chased because Bulgarians wanted to push home their advantage of their defeat in the battle of Slivnitza and either kill all of the enemy or take them prisoner.
The fleeing Serbian soldiers were likely to enter the town in which the Petkoff's lived because after being defeated at the battle of Slivnitza, some of the Serbian soldiers had fled through the Dragoman pass and this town was near it (so we are told in the introduction to Act 1).
(iii) : Catherine wants to ensure that her home is made secure against the fleeing Serbs and the Bulgarian soldiers and people pursuing them and from damage by bullets. Thus, as her maid servant Louka is securing Raina's room, she is rushing to the lower part of the house to make it safe.
The characteristic trait of Catherine which is referred to in this extract are her "housekeeping instincts". This trait refers to to her natural inclination to ensure that all is done so as to create a suitable home for her family. Catherine's promptness to do so also shows that she is is a proactive person - she was described as "energetic" by the dramatist in his introduction to her.
(iv) : The "wretched fugitives" are the defeated and fleeing Serbian soldiers.
Raina feels that there is no glory in killing them because Raina is a romantic person at heart. She sees soldiers and war as a patriotic and chivalrous undertaking. Thus killing defeated and outnumbered enemy soldiers who would not be able to to defend themselves is not in keeping with her "heroic ideas".
(v) : This extract creates suspense in the play as it introduces an unexpected event. The action seemed all but over with the end of the war at Slivnitza which would see to the return of Paul and Sergius who had been at the war and we would have expeced the marriage of Raina and Sergius to take place now that Sergius had proved himself by being the hero of the battle at Slivnitza. But the complication of fugitives entering the town brings the probability of another danger threatening to anticipated happiness of Raina.
Louka asks Catherine and Raina to close all the windows as she did not want a bullet from a gun being fired in the streets by either the fleeing Serbian soldiers or the pursuing Bulgarian soldiers of the townspeople, entering the house and injuring either one of the occupants or destroying the home and its contents. She may also have wanted the home to be secure against fugitives seeking refuge in the house.
(ii) : The Serbs were being chased by the Bulgarian cavalry after Sergius' regiment had routed them at the battle of Slivnitza and scattered them "like chaff". They were also being chased by the towns people and local Bulgarians.
The defeated and fleeing Serbian soldiers were being chased because Bulgarians wanted to push home their advantage of their defeat in the battle of Slivnitza and either kill all of the enemy or take them prisoner.
The fleeing Serbian soldiers were likely to enter the town in which the Petkoff's lived because after being defeated at the battle of Slivnitza, some of the Serbian soldiers had fled through the Dragoman pass and this town was near it (so we are told in the introduction to Act 1).
(iii) : Catherine wants to ensure that her home is made secure against the fleeing Serbs and the Bulgarian soldiers and people pursuing them and from damage by bullets. Thus, as her maid servant Louka is securing Raina's room, she is rushing to the lower part of the house to make it safe.
The characteristic trait of Catherine which is referred to in this extract are her "housekeeping instincts". This trait refers to to her natural inclination to ensure that all is done so as to create a suitable home for her family. Catherine's promptness to do so also shows that she is is a proactive person - she was described as "energetic" by the dramatist in his introduction to her.
(iv) : The "wretched fugitives" are the defeated and fleeing Serbian soldiers.
Raina feels that there is no glory in killing them because Raina is a romantic person at heart. She sees soldiers and war as a patriotic and chivalrous undertaking. Thus killing defeated and outnumbered enemy soldiers who would not be able to to defend themselves is not in keeping with her "heroic ideas".
(v) : This extract creates suspense in the play as it introduces an unexpected event. The action seemed all but over with the end of the war at Slivnitza which would see to the return of Paul and Sergius who had been at the war and we would have expeced the marriage of Raina and Sergius to take place now that Sergius had proved himself by being the hero of the battle at Slivnitza. But the complication of fugitives entering the town brings the probability of another danger threatening to anticipated happiness of Raina.
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